Empowering Pakistani Woman: Impact of Education, Technology and Training Skills Development
Abstract
Purpose: It is known fact that Currently Pakistani woman are facing several problems e.g., domestic violence, gender dominancy, gender discrimination and unequal distribution of power, rights and work, due the inadequacy of education. In this contemporary era of gender inequality woman empowerment is an essential area of study to be focused on. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the impact of education, technology and Skills development adopted for empowerment of women.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Data was collected from private and government girls’ colleges of Hyderabad district Sindh. A survey technique was used to collect data using convenience non random sampling technique. Smart PLS responses analyzed with the sample size of 1184.
Findings: Results of Structural equation modeling through Smart PLS supported the structural model. It was found that appropriate educational facilities, technology facilitation and training and skills development positively related to Pakistani woman empowerment.
Implications/Originality/Value:
Education is the milestone in empowering woman and the main factor in woman’s prosperity and development. In this scenario, education is a turning point in playing vital role in empowering woman because it enables the woman to face the challenges of contemporary time and make a significant change in their traditional roles and in their lives. Academician, policy makers and leaders of organizations must note this fact.
Downloads
Article Analytics Summary
References
Ahmed, A., Wadood, A., & Mohammad, N. (2020). Tracer Study of Socio-economic and demographic Impacts of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) for Women in Baluchistan. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-III)58
Ahmed, M., Zameer, M., Verman, S. K., & Godiyal, S. (2021). Educational Needs and Training for Women Empowerment in India. TRANS-KATA: Journal of Language, Literature, Culture and Education, 1(2), 58-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54923/transkata.v1i2.19
Ali, R. (2015). Education and women Empowerment in Northern Pakistan: Tracing Accomplishment and Predicmants. Research of humanities and social Services, 12.
ambreen, M. (2013). economic empowerment of women influecing family structures :a case study of village Dasha,District faisalabad.
Chaudhry, I. S., & Rahman, S. (2009). The impact of gender inequality in education on rural poverty in Pakistan: an empirical analysis. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 15(1), 174-188.
Correa-fernandes. (2015). gender and development :A literature reveiw. journal of advocacy ,research and education.
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175-191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146
Fernandes, C. (2015). Gender and Development: A literature review. GIRE - Repositorio digital, 128-134.
Gaertner, K. N., & Nollen, S. D. (1989). Career experiences, perceptions of employment practices, and psychological commitment to the organization. Human relations, 42(11), 975-991. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001872678904201102
Hahn, E. D., & Ang, S. H. (2017). From the editors: New directions in the reporting of statistical results in the Journal of World Business. Journal of World Business, 52(2), 125-126. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2016.12.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2016.12.003
Hair, J. F. (2006). Black, WC/Babin, BJ/Anderson, RE & Tatham, RL (2006): Multivariate Data Analysis. Auflage, Upper Saddle River.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (Vol. 6). In: Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). European Business Review. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.01.002
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling: Sage Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05542-8_15-1
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43(1), 115-135. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Khan, M., & Zerby, J. (1981). The socioeconomic position of Pakistan in the third world. The Pakistan Development Review, 347-365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30541/v20i3pp.347-365
Memon, G. R. (2007). education in pakistan :the key issues ,problems and the new challenges. journal of management and social sciences, 15.
Muhammad, F., Bano, K., Muhammad, K., & Baig, T. (2021). Women Empowerment in Pakistan: Assessing the Socio-Economic Determinants. Studies of Applied Economics, 39(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i2.3884
Mulhim. ( 2013). the current use if ICT by noivice female teachers in Saudi primary schools and theirpercieved training needs.
News, T. (2020). Economic Survey reveals Pakistan's literacy rate increased to 60%. Retrieved from https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/671198-economic-survey-reveals-pakistans-literacy-rate-increased-to-60
Ojha. (2016). Role of education in empowering rural women for sustaniable development in india. international journal of applied reseach.
Okolie, U. C., Nwajiuba, C. A., Binuomote, M. O., Osuji, C. U., Onajite, G. O., & Igwe, P. A. (2020). How careers advice and guidance can facilitate career development in technical, vocational education, and training graduates: The case in Nigeria. Australian Journal of Career Development, 29(2), 97-106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1038416220916814
parveen. (2016). Retrieved from
Plax, T. G., Kearney, P., & Downs, T. M. (1986). Communicating control in the classroom and satisfaction with teaching and students. Communication Education, 35(4), 379-388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03634528609388362
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior research methods, 40(3), 879-891. doi:https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
Rehman, A., Jingdong, L., & Hussain, I. (2015). The province-wise literacy rate in Pakistan and its impact on the economy. Pacific Science Review B: Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(3), 140-144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psrb.2016.09.001
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH.
Saeeda Shah, A. s. ( 2012). Girl education in rural pakistan. international journakl of sociology of education.
Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442-1465. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256865
Taylor, S., & Todd, P. A. (1995). Understanding information technology usage: A test of competing models. Information Systems Research, 6(2), 144-176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.6.2.144
Tunio, S. ( 2015). An analysis of the state of female education in sindh and riole of television in increasing literacy rate. journal of south asain development, 10.
Umair, S. (2016). education and ampowerment of the women in rural areas of balochistan .the views of baloch tribal men. international journal of humanities and social scineces, 10.
Wong, K. K.-K. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 1-32.
Yerriswamye, D. (2016). role of women empowerment through education.
Copyright (c) 2021 Noureen Sharif, Noreen Hassan, Shelomith Angel
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
CSRC Publishing and JBSEE adhere to Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. The authors submitting and publishing in JBSEE agree to the copyright policy under creative common license 4.0 (Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International). Under this license, the authors published in JBSEE retain the copyright including publishing rights of their scholarly work and agree to let others remix, tweak, and build upon their work non-commercially. All other authors using the content of SBSEE are required to cite author(s) and publisher in their work. CSRC Publishing and JBSEE follow an Open Access Policy for copyright and licensing.
