Role of Banks in Money Laundering through Fake Bank Accounts and Writing off Loan in Pakistan: An Analytical Study
Abstract
Purpose: Recent media reports of money laundering through fake bank accounts implicate the involvement of banks in money laundering through "managed bank accounts". Further the waivers of loan of apparently sound institutions also give rise to specific questions and reservations on the role of banks. This paper attempts to explore the answer to those fundamental questions.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The research follows qualitative content analysis methods to critically analyze the role of banks in money laundering and loan waiver policies.
Findings: The research finds that despite of heavy banking regulations and laws the banking accounts are being used for money laundering. Further, the research concludes that the act of waiving off loans allegedly has provided a channel to misuse the public earned money, resulting in gross loss to the public exchequer.
Implications/Originality/Value: The research concludes that the role of bank in maintaining the fake/idle accounts and the loan waiver policy and its malafide usage in the banking sector resulted in financial frauds and money laundering in Pakistan
Downloads
Article Analytics Summary
References
Ahmad, W. (2017). An overview of Money Laundering in Pakistan and Worldwide: Causes, method and socioeconomic effects. Hein Journal, 300.
Ali Arfan, D. S. (2014). Doesa non-performing loan affect bank performance? Evidence from listed banks at Karachi stock exchange (KSE) of Pakistan. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 363-377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3008936
Angela Samantha Maitland Irwin, K.‐K. R. (2012). Modelling of money laundering and terrorism financing typologies. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13685201211238061
Anti Money Laundering (AML) in Pakistan(2019). Bankers Academy.
Authority, H. K. (2018). Supervisory Approach on Money Laundering and Counter Financing Terrorism.
Azeem, Z. (2012). Pakistan's Legal Framework: Combating money-laundering and counter-terrorist financing. Business Recorder.
Cassella, S. D. (2003). Reverse Money Laundering. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13685200410809814
Constitution Petition, 26 (The Supreme Court August 9, 2009).
Department, C. P. (2003). A Guide about Bank Accounts. Karachi: State Bank Of Pakistan.
Dr Ahmed Rukhsar, D. S. (2013). Money laundering in Pakistan. International Journals of Marketing and Technology, 247- 276.
Ellili, H. N. (2018). Anti-money laundering disclosures and banks' performance. Journal of Financial Crime, 98-115.
Gilmour, N. (2016). Understanding the practices behind money laundering – A rational choice interpretation. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2015.03.002
Hannes Köster and Matthias Pelster. (2017). Financial penalties and bank performance. Journal of Banking & Finance, 57-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.02.009
Haq Nawaz Malik Vs. The State, PCr. LJ 739 (Lahore High Court, 2002).
Hopton, D. (2006). Money Laundering: A Concise Guide for All Business. Hampshire: Gower Publishing Company.
Hughes, S. J. (1991). Policing Money Laundering through Funds Transfers: A Critique of Regulation under the Bank Secrecy Act. International Law Journal, 283.
Human Rights Case, 39216-G (The Supreme Court, 2018).
Hussian, D. I. (2002). An Analysis of the Bank's Write-off (1999-2003). Dawn News, 22-26.
Iqbal, N. (2018). Loan write off the scheme. Islamabad: Dawn News.
Ishaq, M. R. (2012). Impact of Risk Management on Non-Performing Loans and Profitability of Banking Sector of Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 307-315.
J. C. Sharman. (2011). The Money Laundry: Regulating Criminal Finance in the Global Economy. United State: Cornell University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801450181.001.0001
Laundering, A. G. (2009). Mutual Evaluation Report. Sydney, Australia: Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering.
Michael McLeay, A. R. (2014). Money Creation in the Modern Economy. Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, 14.
Mirza, A. A. (2013). The Impact of Financial Liberalization on the Credit System of Pakistan: Historical Perspective. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 74-80.
Muhammad Arif Teevno Vs. NAB, YLRN 177 (Sindh High Court, 2017).
Muhammad Subtain Raza, M. F. (2017). The Hawala System in Pakistan: A Catalyst for Money Laundering & Terrorist Financing. Forensic Research & Criminology International Journal, 2469-2794.
Nikolosk, S. (2012). Role of Banks as an entity in the system for preventing Money Laundering in Macedonia. Procedia- Social and Behavioural Sciences. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.050
Pakistan, R. o. (2001). Anti-money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) Regulations for Banks & DFIs. Karachi.: State Bank Of Pakistan.
Pakistan, S. B. (2003). BPD Circular No.10, Prudential Regulation XI: Know Your Customer (KYC). Karachi: State Bank of Pakistan.
Pakistan, S. B. (2003). Prudential Regulation XI, Know Your Customer, circular no 10.Karachi: State Bank of Pakistan.
Rafał Dreżewskia, J. a. (2015). The application of social network analysis algorithms in a system supporting money laundering detection. Journal of Information Sciences, 18-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2014.10.015
Sarigul, H. (2013). Money Laundering and Abuse of the Financial System. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 285-301.
Suo moto, case No .26 (The Supreme Court 2 20, 2009).
Unger, B. (2007). The Scale and Impact of Money Laundering. Netherland: Edward Elgar publishing limited Willian Pratt House. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781007624
Wang, N. A. (2010). Financing Behavior of Textile Firms in Pakistan. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 130-135.
CSRC Publishing and JAFEE adhere to Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. The authors, submitting and publishing in the Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies published by CSRC Publishing, retain the copyright of their work and give the journal right to publish their work agreeing to the licensing policy under Creative Common Attribution-Non Commercial (NC-BY-NC 4.0) International. Under this license, the published authors let others remix, tweak, and build upon their work non-commercially. Yet all the other authors using the content of CSRC Publishing are required to cite author(s), journal name and publisher in their work. CSRC Publishing and JAFEE follow an Open Access Policy for copyright and licensing.