Social Media and Electoral Campaigns: A Study of 2013 General Elections in Punjab

  • Abdul Ghani Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Minhaj University Lahore
  • Ghulam Shabir Professor, Faculty of Media and Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Lahore
  • Qamar Uddin Zia Ghaznavi Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, Beacon House National University, Lahore
Keywords: Social Media, Elections, Voting Behavior, Punjab

Abstract

Social Media sites such as Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp, IMO, Twitter and Viber have become famous social interaction forums among all age groups in Pakistan. Social media websites remained the most common platform for the exchange of political ideas and political awareness, consequently influencing political mobilization and bringing change in the political setup of Punjab. This study evaluates the impact of social media on molding the behaviors of voters during the general elections in 2013.The aim was to quantify how social media websites affected political mobilization and altered the Pakistani political setup. The findings are based on a survey conducted amongst the population of Punjab belonging to different age groups, gender, profession, qualification, and localities. Significant correlations were found among different variables i.e. gender, age, profession and locality of the participants. This paper suggests that social media has affected the young population most in Pakistan and helped alter the politicalbehavior of voters.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Analytics Summary

References

Acerbi A. A Cultural Evolution Approach to Digital Media. Frontiers in Human

Neuroscience.10: (2016). 636.

Adegbiji M.,V. B, Oladimeji O., Abayomi O. G. “The use of internet by undergraduate students in selected universities in Nigeria”. Global Media Journal Pakistan Edition. Vol.5, No.2 (2012).

Allama Muhammad Iqbal. The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf, Lahore, (1965). p. 73

Ayesha A., Sajida R. “Vulnerability of cultural values in the era of information communication technology”. The Explorer: Journal of social sciences. Vol.1, No.3. (2015). Pp.78-81

Banks J. “Teaching Strategies for Ethnic Studies, 5th ed.” Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice‐Hall. (1984).

Boyd D., Ellison N. B. Social network sites: definition, history, and scholarship. J. Comp. Med. Commun. 13, (2007). 210–230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x

Briggs A., Burke P. A Social History of the Media : From Gutenberg to the Internet. Cambridge: Polity. (2009).

Campbell D. E. “Choosing Democracy, 2nd ed.” Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice‐Hall. (2000).

Clavert F. and Noiret S., “Digital Humanities and History. A New Field for Historians in the Digital Age,” in Contemporary History in the Digital Age, ed. Ibidem (Brussels: Peter Lang, 2009), 15–26; ed. David M. Berry, Understanding Digital Humanities (Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012); Susan Schreibman, A Companion to Digital Humanities (Malden: Blackwell, 2004).

Furedi F. How the internet and social media changing culture. The Aspen institute February 16, 2015 Education and culture. Retrieved on dated: 27-11-2017 from http://www.frankfuredi.com/article/how_the_internet_and_social_media_are_changing_culture1

Geerth D. H., Hofstede “Culture’s consequences: international differences in work-related values”. SAGE. London. (1984).

Groesen M. V. “Digital Gatekeeper of the Past: Delpher and the Emergence of the Press in the Dutch Golden Age,” Tijdschrift voor Tijdschriftstudies Vol.38 (2015). Pp.9-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18352/ts.340

Hasebrink U., Jensen K.B., Bulck H.V.D., Holig S., Maeseele P. Changing Patterns of Media Use Across Cultures: A Challenge for Longitudinal Research. International Journal of Communication. Vol. 9, (2015). Pp.435–457

Joag S. G. “Impact of the digital technology on Culture: Lessons from a Pilot Study”. Paper presented article in Global Awareness Society International 21st annual conference New York City. (2012).

Juni M. S. “Impact of Global Media on the Culture of Pakistan: A Case Study of Youth of Layyah City”. International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies. Vol. 8, No.3. (2014). Pp. 1008-1014

Khan, Razi, Mirza, Mazhar, Amjad, Shafiq “Impact of mass media in Pakistan on social, ethical and economical ground”. International Journal of Economics and Research. Vol.4, No.3. (2013). Pp.1-20.

Marshall, P. L. Cultural Diversity in Our Schools. Belmont: Wadsworth. (2002).

McLuhan M. Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York, NY: Ginko Press. (2003 [1964]).

Moazzam N., Manj Y.N., Riaz F., Awan K.A., Siddique A., Shahzadi S., Ahamd T., Ahmad Z. “Exposure to foreign media and changing in cultural traits- A study conducted in District Sargodha and Multan”. Scholars journal of arts, humanities and social sciences. Vol. 2, No.4B. (2014). Pp.563-570

Naseer M., Nawaz Y, Azhar Z., Andleeb Z., Ahmad U., Riaz F. “A Sociological analysis of cultural imperialism of international media on Pakistani youth”. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. Vol.5, No.3. (2014). Pp.523-532. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p523

Pakistan Culture. National Curriculum for Pakistan Culture Grade XI-XII. Govt. of Pakistan. Ministry of Education Islamabad. (2011) Retrieved on 27-11-2017 from http://pctb.punjab.gov.pk/system/files/Pakistan%20Culture%20XI_XII.pdf

Prescott A. “An Electric Current of the Imagination: What the Digital Humanities Are and What They Might Become,” Journal of Digital Humanities Vol.1, No. 2. (2012).

Riaz S. “Effects of New Media Technologies on Political Communication”. Journal of Political Studies, Vol. 1, Issue 2, (2012). Pp.161-173.

Shabir G., Safdar G., Imran M. “Cultural Effects of Urdu Dramas of Geo and Hum TV on Women: A case study of Bahawalpur, Pakistan”. The Women-Annual Research Journal. Vol.5, (2013). Pp.102-120.

Tanvir S., Shovo T.A., Mohsin K.F. “Cultural Globalization and Shifting the Cultural Identity of Youth: Satellite TV Perspective”. Bangladesh Research Publication Journal Vol.10, No.1. (2014). Pp. 01-24.

Weller T. “Introduction,” in History in the Digital Age, ed. Ibidem . London: Routledge. (2013).

West J., Mace M. Browsing as the killer app: explaining the rapid success of Apple's iPhone. Telecommunication Policy 34, (2010). 270–286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2009.12.002

Shabir G., Hameed Y.M.Y., Safdar G., Gilani S.M.F.S. The Impact of Social Media on Youth: A Case Study of Bahawalpur City. Asian Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Vol. 3(4). (2014). Pp.132-151.

Published
2020-09-30
How to Cite
Abdul Ghani, Ghulam Shabir, & Qamar Uddin Zia Ghaznavi. (2020). Social Media and Electoral Campaigns: A Study of 2013 General Elections in Punjab. Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies, 6(3), 975-982. https://doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i3.1324